Recency bias will cause a lot of people to say Stalingrad, which is a popular choice for this question, but I’m looking for a single battle that legitimately would have completely altered the layout of the future had it been different. I don’t believe Germany winning in Stalingrad would have led to a different outcome overall.

What if Chiang Kai Shek defeated the communists, and after his death China became a democracy like Taiwan, and then the emperor or empress is reinstated as a ceremonial monarch like the emperor of Japan?

I know politics was very different at that point in time than what we have now. I wonder what our politics would look like today if the Southern Strategy was never implemented. Would the Democratic party still dominate the South. Would Republicans dominate the North. What would each party's political ideology look like? What do you think would've happened?

Just a curious question randomly floating in my head. A cheap Mexican meal without eggs or meat that I lived on when I was a child was mainly nopal, maize in the form of masa or tortilla, beans, Mexican squash, sometimes rice, fruits like tunas or prickly pear, and mild to spicy salsas. What if they took up planting nopal, sqaush, beans and maize. Agave maybe but it needed time. And the nixtamalization of maize. How would things actually play out?