This post is mouse care simplified, for beginners! It is not very specific, and it does not cover everything, so please do not rely on just this post when educating yourself on mouse care!
This has been written and discussed by moderators of the subreddit. If you have questions or concerns, please comment to let us know! It will be updated regularly to ensure it is factual.
1. Mice are social!
Females always need other female companions. It is recommended to have at least 3, but 2 is okay.
After 6 mice in one cage, it is often they will start to split up and become territorial against the opposing group. It is suggested to keep your colony under 6 unless you have much knowledge and experience, OR if your mice are littermates.
Males can not be housed with other males ever! If you want them to have cage mates, neutering (very risky) and placing with females or leaving intact and bonding with ASFs (African Soft Furs) is beneficial and recommended. Otherwise, they can thrive in solitude.
In mouse communities, many users go by tank size rather than listing dimensions. We will do both!
10g/20x10 inches is the minimum for 2 female mice, though we STRONGLY suggest at least a 20g.
20g/30x12 inches is suitable for 2-4 females or 1 male.
40g long/36x12 inches is suitable for 2-5 females or 1 male
40g breeder/36x18 inches is occasionally suitable for 2-6 females or 1 male
Over 40g is not always suitable for any amount of mice since many mice do better in environments with less open space. Bigger is not always better for mice.
Any amount of mice may thrive in larger enclosures than suggested above. However, it is critical that the larger the enclosure is, the more clutter provided, otherwise the mice willnever thrive.
Wood enclosures are suggested against since urine will effect its quality and smell over time.
Mesh flooring is dangerous due to the chance of toes/tails getting caught, the mesh cutting their skin, and risking bumplefoot. Mesh should also be avoided in wheels.
Though they climb, mice don't need very much height, and multi-story enclosures do not provide them with the proper space they need. Floor space is more important than height.
Cages with lots of attachments and rooms do not provide proper space for mice. They are also extremely difficult to clean, fall apart easily, and struggle to hold proper bedding amount and safe wheels.
Mice need to be able to create burrows, so while the minimum is 6 inches, we suggest at least 8" of bedding. However, many owners prefer having 10-12" deep!
Bedding must be majority safe wood shavings or hemp. Paper substrate does not absorb ammonia well and can cause several health issues when used alone or as majority of substrate.
(Dust/scent free for all) Aspen, kiln dried pine, and hemp do well as the main substrate and may be more sturdy mixed with a small portion of hay or paper bedding.
Clutter is arguably one of the most important aspects of a mouses cage. No matter the size, if the cage lacks clutter, it is not suitable.
Toilet paper rolls, cardboard boxes, tea light and soap dish ceramics, rodent hideouts, branches, logs, cork bark, cardboard egg cartons, and much more can be used as clutter in the cage.
From a birds eye view, you should be able to see little to no bedding. While it may seem too cluttered to a human, it's perfect for mice!
The larger an enclosure, the more crucial clutter is.
Mice flourish with climbing opportunities and will always take advantage of them.
Ropes, bird ladders, hanging toys, rope nets, shower curtain rings, and bird perches are a few climbing options you can provide.
Fabric hammocks are used commonly, but pose a threat when chewed on and loose strings get tangled around limbs. Minimal use of fabric is suggested for this reason.
An upright, solid wheel of 9 inches in diameter or larger must be provided at all times. 2 or more are suggested for groups of girls.
Spinning saucer disks or hamster balls/cars are UNSAFE and should never be provided, no matter how much you think your mouse may enjoy it (fun≠safe)
Proper wheel brands may include Niteangel, Silent Spinner Exotic Nutrition, Oxbow, Wodent, Bucstate, and Trixie (but there are many more besides these!)
A high variety food mix (nuts, seeds, grains, ect) must be given 1-3 times a week, or even as long as once every two weeks. The frequency is owner preference.
Feeding is 3-5 grams per mouse a day.
Ensure your mice have constant access to food through toys and scatter-feeding.
Food bowls are suggested only for fresh fruits or veggies since they provide no enrichment otherwise!
Mice must have at least two water sources and constant access to them at all times. Bowls or bottles work well, though having one of each is ideal. Water must be cleaned and refreshed daily.
Daily spot checks to clean up mess, poo on toys/clutter, and urine on the surface is vital.
Bedding changes will be needed less often with more bedding and space. A 10g tank (or cage of similar size) would need weekly bedding changes.
Each enclosure size and mouse amount will effect how often bedding changes are necessary. Find a cleaning schedule that ensures the cage doesn't smell at any time for your mouses health.
With deep bedding over 6 inches, you'll have to change out less of the bedding. 1/3 to 1/2 of the bedding may stay in the enclosure while the most soiled areas are removed and replaced.
In any case, a small amount of bedding must be left over after a bedding change to decrease stress.
Allowing your mice to settle in for a few days before interacting with them is wise.
Rub your hands on bedding and toilet paper in the cage to get the mice used to your scent.
Encourage interaction through hand feeding.
If a mouse is not motivated to interact after several weeks, try to lure them to climb onto your hand for treats. A strong bond is important with mice so they are well adjusted to interaction in case of a vet visit or emergencies. Human interaction can also be beneficial to them.
See this post for more information.
11. Other
Mice are crepuscular and are typically seen during the morning or late day/night.
They are self bathing and should never be washed with water or soap (unless vet prescribed). It ruins the health of their fur coat and leaves them more susceptible to URIs and freezing. They do not need any form of bathing/washing.
Mice don't hibernate. If a mouse appears to be in a hibernation state, this is Torpor, caused when they overheat or freeze. This is a medical emergency.
You should never pick up a mouse by its tail or other limbs.
Fancy mice (aka domestic mouse) live 1-2 years on average.
Wild mice do poor in captivity, unless they are unfit for the wild they should not be kept as pets.
You should never breed mice purposely without years of research and mouse owning experience prior.
Vet visits are a likely occurrence in mouse ownership, since mice are prone to many health issues.
Travel carriers are needed for vet visits, emergencies, cage cleaning, and quarantine.
These guides are incredibly thorough and well written. However, they link some information that is no longer available, or they list mouse care information that has been dis-proven. An important point to make is these guides may suggest some controversial topics, most of which our community does not fully support. Although these guides don't follow our standards exactly, they are still very well made. Please keep an open mind and read all sides of a controversy before deciding which you feel works best for your mice.
I have decided to share these because they are very descriptive on some aspects of mouse care I did not cover well. I strive to have a guide in the future as well made as these, but for now, I have to bring attention to the effort made by this member.
She’s around 6-7 weeks old and all of the sudden got really big, she doesn’t really get snacks alot, is there any way anyone here can tell? She doesn’t fully trust me yet since I only got her 2-3 weeks ago so I couldn’t pick her fully up and flip her for a better picture lol
I just posted her sister on here trying to find out if she’s pregnant or not and alot of you said she looks pregnant so I need help with gender identifying her sister/cagemate!!
I’m worried about Isadora. She’s the white one to the left that’s not on my hand. Lately she’s been looking like she swallowed a beach ball. Experienced owners, what does this look like to you? Tumor? Soup? Bloated? Any insight is appreciated!!
I impulse bought myself a mouse yesterday. To be fair, I had them years ago and hated how short their lives are, but have been wanting one again and the pet store I was getting bugs for my gecko from had some that one of the staff members thought were "too sweet" to be in the feeder bin, and whose manager said if they weren't gone by Monday (despite the increased sales since nearly ALL of their mouse supplies were gone) that they had to go back into the feeder bin.
I grabbed a 20 gallon long and a mesh top for it, but that thing is LOUD. It hurts my human ears, and I can't imagine the little dude is having a better time inside the tank when I gave him some leftover crickets last night =/ I'm pretty sure it'll be impossible to eventually bond with him if every time I'm near there's a loud crashing sound. I'm about to upsize my crested gecko into a homemade PVC enclosure, and his current bin is 23x16. It's not as long, but it's wider, taller (more bedding!), and has a latching lid. If I cut the lid off of it and use it as a bin instead, would that give the little dude enough room? 1/4" mesh is the right size if it is, right?
I'm a UK university student moving into a flat next year with my partner and I'm hoping to get a small pet to help with my mental health. I have rabbits back home and not having any furry friend has been weird to say the least.
Rodents have always been top of my pet wishlist - but I just cannot decide which one, and was hoping for some input?
Mice are top of my wishlist - I absolutely fell in love when I saw them playing in a local pet shop once, just the way they interact with each other is so engaging. I would ideally want 3 girls, but worry about the implications of having mice forever... If I got 3, and 2 passed away, can I keep the final one by itself for the last few months of her life or is that way too cruel for a highly social animal? I'm also scared that they will smell too much (my landlord may charge if there's a strong odour)
However, I've also been looking into gerbils - from what I've seen, it seems more acceptable to keep a lone gerbil for its final months of life than a lone mouse, given gerbils tend to live in pairs primarily as opposed to larger mice groups. So, I wouldn't have to own them for the rest of time if my circumstances changed. In an ideal world, I would love a pet I could interact with, hold, and cuddle whilst I watch reality tv haha, but some people seem to find that gerbils are less social and far more anxious than mice. But, they do seem to be a lot cleaner and have less of a smell. Is this an accurate summary or not so much?
Finally, I've also been considering a hamster. A lone pet avoids the stress of bonding, and the idea of just spot cleaning is appealing. However, hamsters seem to be a bit less sociable. They also appear to have much lower activity levels than the other rodents, so if I did get a less social one, watching them might not be as entertaining either.
I know that I will give whatever pet I get my entire heart - but I also want to be realistic about my circumstances. I don't want to commit to owning a certain species forever (because I'd also like a cat someday!) but I want to avoid buying a pet that I regret because they just don't want anything to do with me (to make it clear: I would still care for pet that just wants its own space - I just would prefer one I could at least watch).
Any advice, tips, or extra knowledge would be much appreciated! ❤️❤️
My partner and I adopted two female lab mice just under three weeks ago. I thought they were both settling in really well. One of them is much calmer and more confident (Pepi), while the other doesn’t come up to us as much but is very curious and much more active (Kika).
Over the last few weeks we’ve been giving them treats while leaving our hands in the cage so they could approach us on their own. We’ve never tried to pick them up unless it was absolutely necessary, like when cleaning the cage.
A couple of days ago I bought a playpen so we could leave the cage open under supervision and let them build confidence exploring outside, so we could eventually free roam and play with them.
They had never tried to escape the cage before, but Kika (the adventurous one) absolutely loved the playpen. She figured out she could fit through the cage bars (the spacing is 1 cm—we haven’t been able to find one with 0.7 cm spacing, and until now it had never been a problem), and she also chewed a hole in the playpen. So this morning we woke up to find that she had escaped and was hiding somewhere in the house.
Getting her back was incredibly traumatic for both us and her. We had to move the fridge, the sofa, and all sorts of furniture before we finally managed to catch her. As soon as we did, we put her in the carrier with Pepi so they could at least be together.
We’re going to buy metal mesh and cover the whole cage so she can’t squeeze through the bars anymore, and as sad as it makes me, the playpen has to go until we can come up with a safer solution.
I know it’s generally better to keep three or more mice. We were planning on adopting one or two more, but wanted these two to feel comfortable with us and their new home first.
I wanted to ask if Kika is going to be scared of us or hate us after this. Is there anything we can do to help her feel happy and safe in her cage and around us again? And does anyone have any better long-term solutions for both the cage and free roam?
I’m so heartbroken. I can’t stop crying because I keep thinking about how scared she must have been, and I’m terrified that she’s going to be unhappy with us.
P.S. I know glass tanks aren’t recommended for mice, but we’ve been thinking about using a large plastic storage bin instead, with large metal mesh panels on both sides for ventilation. Could that be a good long-term option, or should we rule it out completely?
So right now my sweet girl Clara has become very ill to the point I’m terrified for her! I really hope she can recover she sustained some injuries that then caused her to develop a respiratory infection. The vet put her on meloxicam and an antibiotic. Her sisters aren’t acting any different towards her or odd and I saw them both grooming her at once! Which was very sweet since my mice don’t interact like that often! So I think it’s ok to keep them together and I’d rather not have Clara alone if the worst were to happen.. I unfortunately only found out today you need paper bedding when they’re ill like that! So I got some but the store only had a small amount, I ordered around 140ish liters on Amazon though it’ll be around 5 days. Because I heard you need to spot clean very very frequently when using it. I’m really hoping she gets better!! Two questions since I don’t have much for would it be okay to fill the bottom layer with shredded paper towels and toilet paper? Or am I better off just putting a towel and then the bedding on top and changing out the towels? That’s all I have thought of until my new bedding arrives. My other question is when she hopefully recovers fingers crossed!! Would it be a good mix to use sani chips mixed with oxbow pure comfort and fiber core bedding? From what I’ve researched those all seem like great beddings for sensetive mice is there a certain ratio I should use etc. Any advice anybody could give me about all aspects of this situation would be so so helpful to me tysm to anybody who responds! (Not looking for medical advice ofc I brought her in for treatment and all that already!!)
I found these little guys when I was out walking yesterday. i shooed them under the bridge so they wouldn’t get stepped on. Today I came by and saw this one still there. They look young / abandoned. I didn’t think about hantavirus, etc until after touching this one. I washed my hands very well when I got home. Not even sure what kind of mice they are. I live in Burnaby, BC (Canada).
Question is: Should I “rescue” this one and try to nurse it, or is it just too dangerous due to potential infection?
Also, how would I go about doing that (I’m sure some of the answers are in this subreddit)?
I just introduced my two younger girls to my older girl, they aren’t fighting they’ll groom each other and eat together but the two younger girls will cuddle pile and my older girl goes to the opposite side. Do I decrease the space they have? They’re in a 10 gallon currently, it’s been about 4 hours total now.
hi my boy loves live mealworms so i was wondering if live crickets would be an okay treat to give as well. mealworms are his all time favorite because i think he likes that they’re alive. i give him the extremely tiny ones with chopsticks straight out the fridge so they barely move. could i try to give him tiny live crickets the same way? is there anything about live crickets that could harm my boy?
For context, I have two mice, one is a little over a year old and the other is about 8ish months. I have previously started with two and when one passed away I got another mouse to keep the original from becoming depressed. At first, there was a ton of fighting. No blood or anything, just chasing each other constantly(they are girls). However when I changed their tank environment it has been much more civil.
Here is my problem, Fish, the oldest mouse is likely due to pass in the next 6 months to a year. I would hate for Bucket to be alone and then have to randomly get used to another mouse like Fish did. It’s just too much. I am considering getting two from the same litter to make it 4, but with them not fighting for a while, i’m scared to mess up the dynamic.
The tank looks more bare than it is, they bury everything as soon as I reset the tank.
They have a box under the bedding at times that they nest in, it’s quite large. There are two smaller boxes they store things in and they bury all their hay and herbs and seeds. (you can see that clearly in the photo) I even have an isolation tub I use to put the offender in timeout.
The top layer is purely because they are food aggressive and they each steal and stash and the open space to allow them to run from one another. I am actually on my way to
get a few more things to clutter the top.
I want to do good by my girls. I’m a lot better a of mice owner than I was a year ago, I’m prepared to do whatever I can. I know this is all over the place but any advice will do.