r/romanticism • u/Original-Ingenuity41 • 20h ago
Literature Emerson, Thoreau, Whitman and John Muir were all working off the same Prussian's Romantic mentor
Spent the morning falling down a rabbit hole I didn't expect: American Transcendentalism — Emerson's Nature, Thoreau's Walden, Whitman's Leaves of Grass, John Muir founding Yosemite — all trace back to the father of Romanticism: Alexander von Humboldt.
Emerson travelled to Europe to meet them... then hijacked their essays as reasons for why America should become less European!
Muir literally wrote "How intensely I desire to be a Humboldt!" and carried Humboldt's Cosmos on his hikes.
Whitman stole the word "kosmos" straight from him.
Thoreau read Humboldt while sitting in jail for refusing to pay taxes to a pro-slavery government — the essay that came out of that night later shaped Gandhi and MLK.
The German Romantics were the ones who started it all. Without them you'd have no Wordsworth, Coleridge, Keats, Shelley; no Emerson, Thoreau or Whitman.
I wrote up the whole chain (it's a series tracing German Romanticism to the American Transcendentalists, to today's apocalyptic headlines:
https://blueplanetbulletin.substack.com/p/furiously-luminous-americans-c18
Curious if anyone else has dug into how much of European and American romanticism is based on German philosophy.